Users' Voice in Afghanistan

AFGHANISTAN, KABUL – some observations by Andria Efthimiou-Mordaunt MSc

HUNDREDS of thoughts, memories and insights are flooding my consciousness about my week in Afghanistan, mainly Kabul. While the few bacteria settle down in my gut and bloodstream, let me try and articulate some of this to you all around the world.

First of all, I want to address the gender-sex-’equality’ issue, as it is the one that I assume will bother some Westerners and/or be of profound interest to others. On the penultimate day of my stay in Kabul, my incredibly patient host Ahmed W took me to his Father-In-Laws home, where his wife seemingly spends most of her time with other women. Ladies in Afghanistan rarely go out alone – very rarely. His wife is many months pregnant and this was a special week in this household as two of the young men had been wed. Wedding celebrations do not begin and end on one day in this ‘less-developed’ country.

They go on for several days: this tribe knows how to party. I was taken into a room full of men and boys (14-63yrs old approx). As guest of honour – visiting scholar if you will, from U.K, I had privileged access to this room. No other women were there. (I am still wondering whether Ahmed had a semi-conscious motive to use my drug policy and other policy and social justice ideas to influence his huge family; time will tell.) Within minutes, I was given the floor to address “why the U.S bombs our country for so long?” and the role of Opium in the economic, agricultural and peace & war brew that is this country’s predicament

Some of you know me as Andria, the enraged widow who will never let go of the lingering visual memory of a dying junky-husband with AIDS; a woman who makes sure other IDUS will always have access to clean needles and G.O.D…Good Orderly Direction, also know as Harm Reduction .

Few of you (including me!) will know that I am slowly getting educated around global drug policy issues.

To the question, why does the U.S. bomb our country? I could only respond, “very good question.” Then I began rapidly connecting the dots between Afghanistan as producer of over 90% of the world’s heroin ultimately – 86% of the U.K’s apparently. I said that the profiteering of Afghan war-lords, narco-traffickers, the corruption of Afghan politicians, law enforcement officers and other officials only gave more excuses to the U.S./U.K to pursue the Opium-eradication policies, which have been endemic for a long time.

The truth is that the world does indeed need a lot of pain control: people living with chronic and or intractable and/or terminal pain should have access to Opium, Heroin, Morphine and any other necessary opioid pain-killer in order to live in some comfort. The fact that a small minority of human beings had found themselves dependent upon these substances, and thus caught in the criminal trap was not an excuse to punish nations who produced coca and/or opium and/or cannabis products. The lies that uphold the global prohibitive drug system are enormous. They seemed to like that a lotJ. The patriarch of the large group raised his hand to attract the interpreter’s – medical doctor’s – attention, and said, “I want to learn how to cultivate and grow opium!” Everybody laughed, or smiled impishly.

Why we need an international network of drug user activists.

Users’ Voice editor Andria Efthimiou-Mordaunt giving it some volume

We are people from around the world who use drugs. We are people who have been marginalized and discriminated against; we have been killed, harmed unnecessarily, put in jail, depicted as evil, and stereotyped as dangerous and disposable.

It is now time to raise our voices as citizens, establish our rights and reclaim the right to be our own spokespersons striving for self-representation and self-empowerment:

  • To enable and empower people who use drugs legal or deemed illegal worldwide to survive, thrive and exert our voices as human beings to have meaningful input into all decisions that affect our own lives.
  • To promote a better understanding of the experiences of people who use illegal drugs, and particularly of the destructive impact of current drug policies affecting drug users, as well as our non-using fellow-citizens: this is an important element in the local, national, regional and international development of these social policies.
  • To use our own skills and knowledge to train and educate others, particularly our peers and any other fellow-citizens concerned with drugs in our communities.
  • To advocate for universal access to all the tools available to reduce the harm that people who use drugs face in their day-to-day lives, including, i) drug treatment, appropriate medical care for substance use, ii) regulated access to the pharmaceutical quality drugs we need ii) availability of safer consumption equipment, including syringes and pipes as well as iii) facilities for their safe disposal, iv) peer outreach and honest up-to-date information about drugs and all of their uses, including v) safe consumption facilities that are necessary for many of us, e.g. those who are homeless.
  • To establish our right to evidence-based and objective information about drugs, and how to protect ourselves against the potential negative impacts of drug use through universal access to equitable and comprehensive health and social services, safe, affordable, supportive housing and employment opportunities.
  • To provide support to established local, national, regional, and international networks of people living with HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis and other harm reduction groups, making sure that active drug users are included at every level of decision-making, and specifically that we are able to serve on the boards (of directors) of such organizations and be fairly reimbursed for our expenses, time and skills.
  • To challenge the national legislation and international conventions that currently disable most of us from living safe, secure and healthy lives.

Profile: Joycelyn Woods of the National Alliance of Methadone Advocates

Users’ Voice decided to begin profiling some of our long-term activists, and since few are women, we began with one of our greatest!

“I came to advocacy for the reason that I believe many methadone advocates do. Methadone patients are never given the opportunity to feel good about themselves, generally what they read about themselves is very negative.” – Joycelyn Woods

I started this journey by accident when I was told about a meeting at Rockefeller University. Most of those attending the meeting were methadone patients and then, the small community-newspapers in New York City were anti-methadone. This meeting would grow into one of the first methadone advocacy organizations The Committee of Concerned Methadone Patients (CCMP).

I would say that I had a real epiphany at these meetings because I realized that I could seize opportunities that I had not thought I had. I made the decision to go back to school and get a graduate degree and even went into neuroscience “because I came to believe that I had the right to live and work where I wanted to and that I had the support to back it up.”

A group of us worked hard for CCMP, who were very much involved with the NYC Transit Authority Case in which several methadone patients were fired for taking methadone. Another was the Harlem Medication Case over an inferior methadone formula that was being used in one of the clinics. CCMP got a court order to stop it. And we registered methadone patients to vote and visited newspapers to provide positive articles about it, and talked to politicians and policy makers. This was during the 1970s when everyone was “doing their thing” so we thought we should have that right also.

Financial gain from Drug Users pain?

A few pharmaceutical companies are set to reap huge rewards from treatments and tests for hepatitis C. Grant McNally, from the UK Assembly on Hepatitis C looks at the fact that despite their still being no clear cure, this is not holding back phenomenal profit margins.

It is 15 years since the US biotech company Chiron Corp first identified the HCV virus, and engaged in certain dubious practices in an attempt to wholly own it and any spin off. In that time the virus has went through a metamorphosis, from a being believed to be a benign infection that was thought to have little consequence for long term health, to the serious global health concern it is now known as today. For their efforts Chiron Corp have benefited to the tune of a hundred million dollars or so in patent royalties payments (as I said , they even tried to patent the virus itself!).

A Night on the Tiles …

Stable & maintained on an opiate painkiller for a congenital spinal condition, delighted that it had the added benefit of making winter bearable, I began to spend time on the streets outreaching to fellow drugs users.
These were largely African-Caribbean, largely homeless and in some cases poly-drugs-users. This began when I witnessed the most terrifying act of violence, at the end of 2004’s summer. Fortunately, I was far enough away not to see the impact it was having on its victim, but close enough to see that two men were beating hell out of one person with long metal weapons, that could kill another human being.
I was walking home one summer evening when a young guy asked me for money and cigarettes. I was tired and just wanted to go to bed, so I said “sorry no” to both requests and attempted to walk on by. Then he said, “Well do you have any filters then?” (For any reader who doesn’t know), filters are used to draw drug solutions up into the syringe without the impurities that are so often present in street-drugs.
I was so shocked by the question; I turned round and said, “How d’you know I’m not the friggin’ drug squad?!” Lamely, he replies, “I just know you’re not…” Then began a long conversation about using needles and AIDS and hep and much more.
He said, “We don’t care anymore; really most people ‘out here’ don’t care whether they share works or not.” I declared, “I just don’t believe that! How can you not care if you get life-long potentially fatal infections?” He was around 25, working-class – that a word people still remember? – pale-faced, but not under-weight, so I thought he may not have been ‘out there’ for too long.. I just want to ensure street injectors are regularly accessing clean needles, never sharing them and/or getting a legal supply of the drug of their addiction.
The problem with street work is how to maintain connections with people, when cops are constantly moving them on, community wardens and/or (I hope) referred to a place of safety.
I continued “I don’t believe you don’t care about sharing needles; maybe you are just finding them hard to get hold of. Do you know pharmacies that sell them; aren’t the local outreach teams giving you clean works?”
“What’s an outreach team?” he asked, though I was still trying to devise a way in my mind to get him down to a local methadone clinic.
“How long have you been ‘out here?’
He responded long enough to know that there was never an outreach team around at this time of night giving out clean works. Well that’s for sure. It’s one of those things about drug projects.
At the end of the day, the workers want a life, so opening and closing shop between 10am and 8pm is the norm, though there are a small no. of outlets in the entire huge city, who sell works when people are most likely to be buying and shooting dope. How many drug injectors have I met over the years, who have spent time simply making sure other injectors have works, ‘after hours’ as it were as they have known the pain of losing friends to AIDS, Endocarditic, Hep and more.
He kept hassling me for money and that got boring. In the end, I began to tell him what I was doing out on the streets so late also. I’d just left a internet cafe, where I’d been answering e-mail to people about safer drugs-use, AIDS treatments and/or drug policy strategies.
That seemed to be about as much interest to him as a used condom would be to a dead dog! So then I got down to bizz, and told him about the thousands of people just like him all over the world, who had decided to spend their lives, preventing other IDUs from getting BBDs and/or giving peer support. That seemed a little more engaging to him…”well have you got any drugs you can give me then?”
I was getting a little tired of this ongoing barrage of demands, plus it was way past my bedtime, so without much thought, I asked, “depends what drugs you mean and in case you are not aware, most of the drugs ‘we’ like are controlled drugs so under the law if we buy or sell them to one another, we are breaking the law” not that I really gave a damn about that, but I needed to know whether he was an undercover cop! Ach, street outreach in the early days of the 21st century.
He said he was using street heroin all the time. Our conversation about methadone fell flat fast; he said, “he just didn’t like it” to which I say, “it’s not about liking it, but it is about preventing yourself wondering the streets strung out day in day out ah?” That clearly registered but no words came out of him..
That was Camden town Autumn 2005. A few weeks later, I read that Camden had the highest no. of street users in inner London, but the smallest number of treatment slots in the borough, which makes you wonder. I had previously offered to address a small meeting in Camden that the DAT had organized trying to get support for a Safer Injection Room (SIR).
I was told (2004) that wouldn’t be necessary. When I went to find out why the SIR had not been set up, I was told the key worker pushing for it Megan Jones had moved onto another job, and that it had been put on the back burner… I don’t actually believe it was as simple as that as London has never had an official SIR funded by public money. I also know that the government does not officially support them, though they were recommended by the Home affairs Select Committee (2003).
To date, in Camden Town, the Criminal Justice aspects of drugs work have won the day, while people – young and old – are often seen shooting up and/or smoking crack/heroin on doorsteps by local kids, and we wonder why the demonisation of drug dependents increases?

Where have all the street outreach workers gone?

ARGENTINA: 23,000 PEOPLE SUPPORT 'DEPENALIZATION BILL'

ARGENTINA: 23,000 PEOPLE  SUPPORTED THE DEPENALIZATION BILL IN THE BIGEST RELATED PUBLIC ACTS IN THE COUNTRY

Last Saturday approximately 8,000  were involved in the fourth edition of MMM in Rosario city with a great festival with concerts and performance organized by the Argentinean Harm Reduction Association ARDA. The Festival was on the Municipal Open Amphitheatre with the bands Rosario Smowing, Urganos del Sur, Mobil Vision and Manos de Filipi.

On Sunday over 15,000 persons participated on the Buenos Aires edition of MMM with another open-air festival on Palermo area. The concerts involved Intoxicados, Manos de Filipi, Resistencia Suburbana, Orge & Caro and Concha Man.

Main speakers on both festivals were the Executive Secretary of ARDA Gustavo Hurtado, Diputy Eduardo Garcia, author of the bill for depenalization and a representative of the Argentinean Drug User Organization.

The famous musician Andres Calamaro sent greetings in a very sensitive letter asking for “freedom, freedom and freedom” , as it is written in the national hymn and reminding that “from the skin to inside I am the owner of my body”.

Drug Users in Euro Parliament

On 21 April 2005, ‘addicts,’ people living with AIDS, other drug users, MEPs and other European Authority diplomats met in the European Parliament to discuss the inclusion of civil society in drug policy debate and drug policy generally. Here is a short report :

It was an interesting and extraordinary scene to have the dreadlocked guys around the suits in an otherwise ‘diplomatic session.’ NGO delegates, mostly organisational or individual members of ENCOD came to take part in a drug policy hearing initiated by ENCOD, a major part of whose remit was to remind the EU, as a democratic institution, that it has a responsibility to consult with Civil Society when designing drug policy. It was even more heartening to hear Olivier Hartman of an Illicit drug user union in Belgium acknowledge, along with the panelists, that we do indeed have to help kids not get in a mess with drugs for as citizens, we have both collective as well as individual responsibilities.

We had our man behind the camera, Thorri Johanssen and then there were NGO delegates and ENCOD members from Italy, France, Belgium, Germany, Holland, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and the U.K. Other NGO delegates included Pien Metal of the Transnational Institute (TNI) and Marco Perduca of the International Prohibitionist League(IAL), both of whom were speakers along with ENCODs coordinator, Joep Oomen. Mr Barra of the International Redcross Federation, who is an ally of harm reduction, also spoke passionately about stigma kills more people than the drugs themselves; he also addressed the AIDS plenary in Vienna at the annual Commission on Narcotic Drugs last month advocating strongly for NEPs as well as maintenance substitution therapies. I liked him..it transpired that he had worked with drug users for 3O yrs.

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